Alexandrite: The Rich History and Features of the June Birthstone

Alexandrite: the colour change gemstone. If there is one thing that one needs to remember about these exotic gemstones it is the fact that they showcase different hues depending on the lighting condition they are viewed under. This along with a number of factors make Alexandrite an interesting gemstone of choice.

In this Education page, we will engage the key features that distinguish the June birthstone. Consider this an informative take on what makes alexandrite what they are, and what makes them a special choice for gemstone and fine jewellery buyers. Here it must be noted that when it comes to the June birthstone, alexandrites are not the only ones as the top gems such as moonstone and pearls (if they can be considered as such) also make up this list.

What is the Alexandrite Gemstone?

Alexandrite is a gemstone that comes from the chrysoberyl family. Meaning it is not too far from the famous emerald, which is known for its rich green hues. However there is more to the alexandrite stone: most notably whilst containing core elements that make it similar to chrysoberyl, this particular gemstone type features distinct qualities. Notably that it is a gemstone that must feature the colour change effect, but it also is of a particular kind. A point which we shall get to later.

For now, it is important to note that alexandrite stones are made of beryllium aluminium oxide, which contains various types of trace minerals that contribute to their different colours. The key feature of the alexandrite is that it features a blue or bluish-green hue when under daylight, and a red hue, with various levels of purple tones when viewed under incandescent light.

Since it is mineralogically a variant of chrysoberyl its formula is (BeAl2O4), however, it varies with respect to its trace mineral elements. A key feature of alexandrite is that it is among the more durable gemstones scoring a solid 8.5 on the Mohs scale for hardness. Putting them just behind sapphires and rubies.

In addition to its colour change feature, alexandrite is among the rarest gemstones in the world. And are mined from regions where emeralds are sourced, as we shall see next.

Where do Alexandrite Gemstones Come From?

When asking about the origins of alexandrite, it is useful to pay attention to their name: alexandrite get their name from Russian Emperor Alexander II, who ruled the former Russian empire in the mid part of the 19th century. The first discovery of these colour-change gemstones goes back a few decades before the emperor’s reign. Discovered in mines near the Ural mountains where mining for emeralds was taking place. For a while confused with the better-known emerald, its distinct colour change features immediately set it apart from the rest. Since Russia was the first source of these novel colour-change gemstones, they were for a long time associated with that nation, and the gemstones themselves came to be identified with Russian nobility.

However, the mining for alexandrites which went apace at the time soon led to a drop in supply. These gemstones, which were in tremendous demand, quickly ran out as nobles, royalty and other wealthy players wish to possess them. The supply of alexandrite gemstones suffered another blow due to the Bolshevik revolution, which led to the change in management of the mines to state control. The top emerald and alexandrite-producing Malysheva mine in the city of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Federal District coming under state control. The plant was a subject of great interest for the then Soviet government which was used to source raw materials for other purposes. But over the decades the supply of emeralds held firm but not so much that of the alexandrite.

This led to growing interest in alexandrite suppliers in other parts of the world. And the gap was slowly filled by other gem producers with the prevalence of beryllium deposits. These new supplier nations such as Brazil, which is known for its rich emerald deposits, and certain nations in Africa and interestingly Ceylon (Sri Lanka) also entered the mix. Yet the supply of high-quality alexandrite stones with clear colour change effects remains rare.

The Colour Change Effect in Alexandrite Gemstones 

First, before getting into the colour effect in alexandrite stones, we need to understand what gives rise to colour in these particular gems. Alexandrite like most other top gemstones in the world derives its specific hues from the presence of trace minerals which are present in minute quantities, that enters the gemstone during its stages of development deep within the Earth’s surface. In the case of alexandrite stones, the main trace minerals that contribute to their colours are chromium and varying levels of iron and titanium. However, the key trace mineral is chromium which affects the way the gemstone interacts with light.

When it comes to the colour change effect in alexandrite gems, it is important to note that certain standards need to be met. Notable here is the type of hues that are visible under different lighting conditions and to what effect. It is important to note here that alexandrites are not the only gemstones in the world that showcase different colours: other popular gems such as sapphires and garnets, in select types, also produce similar colour-change effects. However, when it comes to alexandrite the shift in hues under different lighting conditions is very specific.

Notably, the change in hues must be

• Blue-Green under daylight and fluorescent light.

• Red-Purple under incandescent light.

• Appear fully green under daylight

• Appear orange-red under incandescent light.

As you can see the colour change effects visible in alexandrite vary at certain levels. However, the shifts can only take place in the blue-green to the red-purple or red-orange range. And these changes must take place under specific lighting conditions.

Meaning and Symbolism of Alexandrite Gemstones

Any discussion of birthstones must involve the engagement of the deeper meaning and value that is attached to them. One that goes beyond the monetary and visual value that is placed on them. When it comes to colour-change gemstones it is important to know that they are gems which are believed to enhance the well-being of the wearer, especially so if the gemstones correspond to the month of the person’s birth.

This is important since many of the benefits are attached to birthstones like Alexandrite when the gemstones are worn in some form. Often a fine jewellery item like a precious gemstone necklace or better a fine alexandrite engagement ring.

When it comes to symbolism that is attached to alexandrite gems, it is interesting in that the gemstone is a relative newcomer and people are still figuring out what this gemstone truly stands for. Now there are a number of sources online that attribute various qualities to alexandrite gems: stating that they increase luck, correspond to mental well-being, or in some cases, can even help with neurological healing. However, if there is one positive quality that alexandrite gems can be associated with, one that would aid the June birthstone wearer, that would be balanced.

Balance is a key attribute in life. It is about ensuring that nothing gets too out of control and that one thing in your life, no matter how important does not control everything. With alexandrite the colour change gemstone, it reminds the wearer that there are two sides to the gemstone: two colours which represent two positives, but alternatives in terms of time and effect. Which is a good point to remember.